In medical practice, cystitis is called an inflammatory process, which develops in the bladder.It is common that cystitis is only female disease.But that's not true.Stronger sex representatives are also exposed to the disease.How men's cystitis symptoms manifest and how to handle it properly and discuss this in the article.
Anatomical information
The bladder is one of the main organs of the urinary tract system aimed at collecting and withdrawing urine.In the last process, the organ walls, which are muscle, play an important role in the last process and can be provided.However, the bladder mucosa membrane is often damaged or exposed to infectious agents.This leads to various diseases.The lower part of the bladder is called neck.The urethra (urethra) comes out of the neck.Two urethra flow into the upper part - through which the urine comes from the kidneys.
Signs of cystitis in men
Acute cystitis can feel acute pain primarily during urination, sometimes radiant in the rectum.Especially a lot of pain occurs at the beginning and end of urination.In addition, symptoms of cystitis include lower abdominal pain in pubis, regardless of urination, but increases with this process.The amount of urine emitted can be extremely low (10-15 ml), but the number of urination can reach the number of urination several times.After the urine law, there is a feeling that the bladder is not completely empty.Cystitis often has symptoms such as urinary tract incontinence, mandatory urination.The worsening of the disease is often accompanied by an increase in temperature, signs of body intoxication (malaise, headache).
Other symptoms of cystitis:
- To change the color of the urine,
- Blood, mucus, pus or protein in the urine,
- The unpleasant smell of urine.
Often, reflux urine occurs in the disease.This is the name of the process in which the urine enters the urethra and then into the kidneys, which leads to pyelonephritis.In the absence of treatment, acute cystitis is transformed into a chronic form.Chronic cystitis, on the other hand, is characterized by aggravations (about 2-3 times a year), replacing the period of remission.During remission, the symptoms of the disease do not appear.Interstitial cystitis is a severe form of chronic cystitis.With such diversity of disease, aggravation occurs very often and the patient has constant pain in the groin.
Diagnosis
In the presence of signs, most likely to indicate cystitis, contact the urologist.During the initial examination, the physician usually examines the patient's genitals and examines the prostate's mire in the anus by palpation.This allows you to develop or exclude cystitis in men with other diseases of the male genitalia.The diagnosis is primarily made by general analysis of urine.Cystitis can be determined due to the high content of the leukocytes.From time to time, the presence of red blood cells, bacteria, epithelial cells and protozoa can be a decisive feature.Also happened:
- General and biochemical blood test,
- Nechiporenko Urine Analysis,
- Urine to identify the infectious agent.
The examination of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is performed when a sexually transmitted infection arises.The UZI of the bladder is ineffective as it requires a filled bladder and the patient cannot be filled with a particular disease.Nevertheless, ultrasound of the kidneys and prostate can be useful as they promote the identification of concomitant diseases.Procedures such as cystoscopy, uodynamic examination, Uroflowography (examination of high -speed parameters in the urine via the urethra) are performed.Cistoscopy is a kind of endoscopic examination.It helps to identify stones and tumors in the bladder and biopaths for analysis.Cystitis should be distinguished from diseases such as bladder tumors and prostate.
Cystitis: What is this for men
Cystitis is an inflammatory disease containing irritation and damage to the bladder wall.In reality, cystitis is more likely to suffer.About 2-3 of 10 of the 10 representatives of fair sex suffers at least once in this disease.In the case of men's representatives, only 1% of them are in cystitis in any form.In most cases, these are men over 45 years of age.The difference between the frequency of diseases is explained by the physiological differences in the structure of the gangitural organs.Above all, men have a very long and winding urethra.However, the walls of the urethra are an extremely difficult obstacle to pathogenic microorganisms because the immune cells are active in them.In addition, the hole in the male body is very far from the rectal opening, so it is practically impossible to enter the pathogen's microflora channel from the anus.
However, the infection can not only enter the bladder through the urethra.In some cases, male cystitis is the result of kidney or prostate diseases.Generally speaking, cystitis does not always have an infectious nature.However, when it comes to infectious cystitis, it is most often bacterial cystitis, less often - fungal.Cystitis is even less often caused by multicellular parasites.Most often, infectious cystitis is a consequence of E. coli (80%).They may also be causal agents of the disease:
- Pseudomonal stick,
- Staphylococcus,
- Proteus,
- Gonococcus,
- Chlamydia,
- Trichomonades,
- Mycoplasma.
Cystitis can be a complication of tuberculosis
The infectious cystitis caused by Trichomonas, Chlamydia, Mycoplasmas, Gonococci, Koch Sticks is called specific cystitis.And non-specific cystitis is a disease caused by conditionally pathogenic bacteria that are constantly strengthened in the body.Rare types of cystitis are caused by purple, actinomycosis and schistosomosis.The way that pathogenic microorganisms fall into the bladder may differ.Depending on, cystitis is declined, rising, limogene and hematogen.The upward possibility of infection (from the urethra) is quite rare in male patients.Men are most often downward (in case of kidney infection), as well as hematogenic and lymphogen.There are also non -infectious cystitis.They can be caused:
- operations or diagnostic procedures on the bladder;
- For example, the radiation effect on the body, such as the radiation gland radiation;
- Bladder injuries by foreign bodies, such as stones;
- They cause irritation of the chemicals selected in the urine and the bubble mucosa membrane.
The cysts are also primary and secondary.In the first case, the disease begins in itself, directly in the bladder.In the second cystitis, the cause of other abnormal processes of the body.Secondary cystitis, on the other hand, is divided into intuffular and extraordinary cystitis.For example, stones and tumors in the bladder are non -curricular diseases of intracular causes and other organs (prostate adenoma, pyelonephritis).If the area of inflammation is the triangle of the urinary tract, such cystitis is called trigonite.In addition, depending on the site of inflammation, the cervix and diffuse cystitis are secreted.In the case of cystitis, only inflammation of the bladder neck can be observed.The diffuse form of the disease occurs in inflammation of the entire wall of the organ.Depending on the size of the bubble wall, the following forms of cystitis are distinguished:
- Cataral,
- bleeding,
- Cystic,
- ulcerative,
- Phlegmonous,
- Fun.
The lightest shape that only affects the surface layers of the walls is catharal.In the case of a gangrenous form, the pathological process leads to the necrotic of the walls.Cystoscopy is used to determine the degree of disease with later biopsy.Factors that contribute to the appearance of cystitis in men:
- Body hypothermia;
- reducing immunity;
- voltage;
- Conscious delayed urine, rare emptying of the bladder;
- kidney disease, prostate;
- Satisfying personal hygiene rules;
- the occurrence of the focus of infection (tonsillitis, symusitis, furunculosis, dental diseases, etc.);
- spine injuries;
- Diabetes mellitus;
- Alcohol consumption.
Cystitis complications can be paicyistic (inflammation of the tissues surrounding the bladder), pyelonephritis, sclerosis of the bladder walls, perforation of the bubble walls, inflammation of the kidneys (as a result of bubble reflux reflux).
Treatment of cystitis
Treatment is usually done at home.The direction of acute cystitis to the hospital is possible if the disease is a bleeding or gangrenous form or an acute urinary tract is observed.Cystitis treatment methods are primarily drugs.Although other techniques can be used, such as physiotherapy (UHF, electrophoresis, ultrasound, magnetic and laser treatment, dirt), rinsing the bladder with antimicrobial effects.If you accompany the disease at high temperatures, the patient needs a bed rest.We show the heat fixation to the groin area (except for bleeding and tuberculosis cystitis).
An important element of treatment is the diet.The patient is contraindicated to salty, greasy, fried, acute and acidic foods and alcohol.On the other hand, more diuretics should be consumed.Many vegetables and fruits have such properties: watermelon, melon, cherry, cucumber.Apples, blueberries and lingonberry fruit drinks are also recommended - they increase the adhesion properties of the bladder mucosa membrane, which makes bacterial fixation to the bubble wall.Fitocha and Lingonberries have undoubted benefits.It is important not to forget the abundant drink - the patient should drink at least 2 liters of clean water a day.During the aggravation of cystitis, smoking is recommended.Surgery treatment is used for chronic cystitis caused by prostate adenoma.
Medicine to treat male cystitis
Medication can be etiotropic or symptomatic.The purpose of etiotropic treatment is to counterbalance pathogenic organisms - pathogens of the disease.The purpose of symptomatic treatment is to relieve discomfort - pain and cramp.If the cause of the disease is a bacterial infection, antibiotics are needed.Most often the drugs of the fluoroquinolone group were used. Entry duration is usually a week.Before selecting the antibiotic therapy scheme, a study should be prepared on the type of pathogen and its resistance to antibiotics.It is often often used with anti -inflammatory and antibacterial components of plants, grass, Horsetail and St. John's Worts.Another class of drugs used for the disease is cramping, which helps to relieve cramps and caused by pain.NSAID is also used to reduce the symptoms of pain and inflammation.Novocaine blockades are used with severe pain.We also recommend taking vitamins to increase the resistance of the infection body.
Prevention
The fact that men suffer relatively rarely in cystitis does not mean that representatives of the strong part of humanity should not be kept in terms of disease occurrence, not only very unpleasant and significantly reducing the quality of life, but also potentially fatal in the absence of proper treatment (such as gangrenous cystitis, such as Peter I).However, preventive measures are simple - monitor personal hygiene, immunity levels, avoid hypothermia, regularly go to the toilet, avoid urinary stagnation, cure infectious diseases that can be a focus of infection - sinusitis, pulpites and mandates, and can regularly visit urologists and andrologists.